• Liu, Dahui & Li, Junkan & Wing, Ian & Blanton, Brian & Kruse, Jamie & Nozick, Linda & Millea, Meghan. (2024). Unequal economic consequences of coastal hazards: hurricane impacts on North Carolina. Environmental Research Letters. 19. (ResearchGate)
• Meng, S., Williams, C., Taciroglu, E., Davidson, R. Effects of Roof Shape and Roof Pitch on Extreme Wind Fragility for Roof Sheathing. Journal of Structural Engineering. Volume 149, Issue 7. (ResearchGate)

Here are some of the most recent features of CHEER.

• NHERI’s DesignSafe Radio Podcast – Decision-Making in Disaster Risk Models (October 1, 2024)
• NHERI’s DesignSafe Radio Podcast – STARR Software Framework (September 17, 2024)
• NHERI’s DesignSafe Radio Podcast – An Introduction to the CHEER Hub (September 3, 2024)
• Disaster Research Center 60th Anniversary Workshop – Rachel Davidson Featured Presentation (May 3, 2024)
• Disaster Research Center 60th Anniversary Workshop – A.R. Siders Featured Presentation (May 3, 2024)

The CHEER Hub and the Stakeholder-based Tool for the Analysis of Regional Risk (STARR) on which it is centered are founded on decades of interdisciplinary disaster research. More specifically, they directly build on a few previous research projects conducted by the PIs. This list of papers describes aspects of that research that CHEER is most directly building on.

**Papers directly implemented in the current version of STARR v0.

1 – Computational framework which became STARR

1.1 – Computational Framework With Stakeholders Represented Explicitly

• **Guo, C., Nozick, L., Kruse, J., Millea, M., Davidson, R., and Trainor, J. 2022. Dynamic modeling of public and private decision‐making for hurricane risk management including insurance, acquisition, and mitigation policy. 2022. Risk Management and Insurance Review 25(2), 173-199. (ResearchGate)
• Wang, D., Davidson, R., Nozick, L., Trainor, J., and Kruse, J. 2020. Computational framework to support government policy-making for hurricane risk management. Natural Hazards Review21(1), 04019012. (ResearchGate)
• Shan, X., Peng, J., Kesete, Y., Kruse, J., Davidson, R., and Nozick, L. 2016. Market insurance and self-insurance through retrofit: Analysis for hurricane risk in North Carolina. ASCE-ASME Journal of Risk and Uncertainty in Engineering Systems, Part A: Civil Engineering 3(1), 04016012. (ResearchGate)
• Gao, Y., Nozick, L., Kruse, J., and Davidson, R. 2016. Modeling competition in a market for natural catastrophe insurance. Journal of Insurance Issues, 39(1), 38-68. (ResearchGate)
• Peng J., Shan X., Gao Y., Kesete Y., Davidson R., Nozick L., and Kruse J. 2014. Modeling the integrated roles of insurance and retrofit in managing natural disaster risk: A multi-stakeholder perspective. Natural Hazards 74, 1043-1068. (ResearchGate)
• Kesete Y., Peng J., Gao Y., Shan X., Davidson R., Nozick L., and Kruse J. Modeling insurer-homeowner interactions in managing natural disaster risk. Risk Analysis 34(6), 1040-1055. (ResearchGate)

1.2 – Computational framework with system optimal approach

• Legg, M., Davidson, R., and Nozick, L. 2013. Optimization-based regional hurricane mitigation planning. Journal of Infrastructure Systems 19(1), 1-11. (ResearchGate)
• Vaziri, P., Davidson, R., Nozick, L., and Hosseini, M. 2010. Resource allocation for regional earthquake risk mitigation: A case study of Tehran, Iran. Natural Hazards 53(3), 527-546. (ResearchGate)
• Xu, N., Davidson, R., Nozick, L., and Dodo, A. 2007. The risk-return tradeoff in optimizing regional earthquake mitigation investment. Structure and Infrastructure Engineering 3(2), 133-146. (ResearchGate)
• Dodo, A., Davidson, R., Xu, N., and Nozick, L. 2007. Application of regional earthquake mitigation optimization. Computers and Operations Research 34(8), 2478-2494. (ResearchGate)
• Dodo, A., Xu, N. Davidson, R., and Nozick, L. 2005. Optimizing regional earthquake mitigation investment strategies. Earthquake Spectra 21(2), 305-327. (ResearchGate)

2 – Household decision-making

• **Chiew, E., Davidson, R., Trainor, J., Nozick, L., and Kruse, J. 2020. The impact of grants on homeowner decisions to retrofit to reduce hurricane-induced wind and flood damage. Weather, climate, and society12(1), 31-46. (ResearchGate)
• **Frimpong, E., Kruse, J., Howard, G., Davidson, R., Trainor, J., Nozick, L. 2019. Measuring heterogeneous price effects for home acquisition programs in at-risk regions. Southern Economic Journal 85(4), 1108-1131. (ResearchGate)
• **Wang, D., Davidson, R., Trainor, J., Nozick, L., and Kruse, J. 2017. Homeowner purchase of insurance for hurricane-induced wind and flood damage. Natural Hazards, 88(1), 221-245. (ResearchGate)
• Stock, A., Davidson, R., Trainor, J., Kruse, J., Nozick, L., Slotter, R. 2021. What makes homeowners consider protective actions to reduce disaster risk?: An application of the precaution adoption process model and life course theory. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 12(3), 312-325. (ResearchGate)
• Zou, Y., Stock, A., Davidson, R., Nozick, L., Trainor, J., Kruse, J. 2020. Perceived attributes of hurricane-related retrofits and their effect on household adoption. Natural Hazards 104(1), 201-224. (ResearchGate)
• Slotter, R., Trainor, J., Davidson, R., Kruse, J., and Nozick, L. 2020. Homeowner mitigation decision‐making: Exploring the theory of planned behaviour approach. Journal of Flood Risk Management, 13(4), e12667. (ResearchGate)
• Jasour, Z., Davidson, R., Trainor, J., Kruse, J., and Nozick, L. 2018. Homeowner decisions to retrofit to reduce hurricane-induced wind and flood damage. Journal of Infrastructure Systems24(4), 04018026. (ResearchGate)
• Robinson, C., Davidson, R., Trainor, J., Kruse, J., and Nozick, L. 2018. Homeowner acceptance of voluntary property acquisition offers. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 31, 234-242. (ResearchGate)

3 – Government decision-making

• Slotter, R., Millea, M., Trainor, J.E., Davidson, R. Kruse, J., Nozick, L. 2022. Mitigation insights from emergency managers on working with stakeholders. Journal of Emergency Management 21(2), 123-131. (ResearchGate)

4 – Hazards

4.1 – Integrated Hurricane Scenario Hazard Modeling With Wind, Coastal Flooding, and Inland Flooding

• Blanton, B., Dresback, K., Colle, B., Kolar, R., Vergara, H., Hong, Y., Leonardo, N., Davidson, R., Nozick, L., and Wachtendorf, T. 2018. An integrated scenario ensemble-based framework for hurricane evacuation modeling: Part 2 – Hazard Modeling. Risk Analysis, DOI: 10.1111/risa.13004. (ResearchGate)

4.2 – Long-term hazard modeling for spatially distributed infrastructure—Hurricanes

• **Apivatanagul, P., Davidson, R., Blanton, B., and Nozick, L. 2011. Long-term regional hurricane hazard analysis for wind and storm surge. Coastal Engineering 58(6), 499-509. (ResearchGate)
• Legg, M., Nozick, L., and Davidson, R. 2010. Optimizing the selection of hazard-consistent probabilistic scenarios for long-term regional hurricane loss estimation. Structural Safety 32(1), 90-100. (ResearchGate)

4.3 – Long-term hazard modeling for spatially distributed infrastructure—Earthquakes

• Manzour, H., Davidson, R., Horspool, N., and Nozick, L. 2016. Seismic hazard and loss analysis for spatially distributed infrastructure in Christchurch, New Zealand. Earthquake Spectra, 32(2), 697–712. (ResearchGate)
• Han, Y., and Davidson R. 2012. Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for spatially distributed infrastructure. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics 41(15), 2141–2158. (ResearchGate)
• Vaziri, P., Davidson, R., Apivatanagul, P., and Nozick, L. 2012. Identification of hazard-consistent probabilistic earthquake scenarios for regional loss estimation. Journal of Earthquake Engineering 16(2), 296-315. (ResearchGate)

5 – Loss Modeling

• **Peng, J., Shan, X., Davidson, R., Kesete, Y., Gao, Y., and Nozick, L. 2013. Hurricane loss modeling to support regional retrofit policymaking: A North Carolina case study, 11^th International Conference on Structural Safety and Reliability, June 16-20, New York, NY. (Link)
• Meng, S., Williams, C., Davidson, R., Taciroglu, E. 2023. Effects of roof shape and roof pitch on extreme wind fragility for roof sheathing. Journal of Structural Engineering 149(7), 04023093. (ResearchGate)

6 – Change in regional risk over time

6.1 – Change in building inventory over time

• Williams, C., Davidson, R., Nozick, L., Millea, M., Kruse, J., and Trainor, J. 2023. Single-family housing inventory projection method for natural hazard modeling applications. Natural Hazards 119(1), 409-434. (ResearchGate)
• Williams, C. J., Davidson, R. A., Nozick, L. K., Trainor, J. E., Millea, M., and Kruse, J. L. 2022. Regional county-level housing inventory predictions and the effects on hurricane risk. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 22(3), 1055-1072. (ResearchGate)
• Jain, V., and Davidson, R. 2007. Forecasting changes in the hurricane wind vulnerability of a building inventory. Journal of Infrastructure Systems 13(1), 1-12.
• Davidson, R., and Rivera, M. 2003. Projecting changes in the Carolina building inventory and their effect on hurricane risk. Journal of Urban Planning and Development 129(4), 211-230. (ResearchGate)
• Davidson, R., Zhao, H., and Kumar, V. 2003. A quantitative model to forecast changes in the hurricane vulnerability of a regional building inventory. Journal of Infrastructure Systems 9(2), 55-64. (ResearchGate)

6.2 – Change in regional risk over time

• Jain, V., and Davidson, R. 2007. Application of a regional hurricane wind risk forecasting model for wood-frame houses. Risk Analysis 27(1), 45-58. Winner of Best Paper Award, Society for Risk Analysis. (ResearchGate)
• (Kumar) Jain, V., Davidson, R., and Rosowsky, D. 2005. Modeling changes in hurricane risk over time. Natural Hazards Review 6(2), 88-96. (ResearchGate)

7 – Other

• Davidson, R. 2015. Integrating disciplinary contributions to achieve community resilience to natural disasters. Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems, Special Issue on Resilience 32(1–2), 55–67, invited contribution. (ResearchGate)

49th Annual Natural Hazards Research and Applications Workshop – Broomfield, CO (July 14 – July 17, 2024)

• Addressing Coastal Hazards, Equity, Economic Prosperity, and Resilience (Cheer) Hub – *Tricia Wachtendorf, Sarah DeYoung, Shangjia Dong, Jamie Kruse, David Prevatt
• The Consequences of Delayed Insurance Payout – How Long is Too Long? – *Adam Andresen, Nesar Ahmed Khan,, Abbey Hotard, Joseph Trainor

7th American Association for Wind Engineering (AAWE) Workshop at University of Michigan – Ann Arbor, MI (June 11, 2024)

• Using StEER’s Hurricane Building Performance Dataset to Validate a Numerical Damage/loss Model – *Giorgio Carmagnani, Prevatt, Agdas, Davidson and Taciroglu

Engineering Mechanics Institute Conference and Probabilistic Mechanics & Reliability Conference (EMI/PMC 2024) – Chicago, IL (May 30, 2024)

• An End-To-End Framework for Building Inventory Generation Through Public Data Fusion and Artificial Intelligence – *Mohammad Askari, Hesam Soleimani, Ertugrul Taciroglu

2024 Natural Hazards Summit – College Park, MD (May 15, 2024)

• A Decision-Support Tool for Evaluating Regional Disaster Risk Reduction Land Use Policies – *Caroline Williams, Rachel Davidson, Linda Nozick, Joseph Trainor, Jamie Kruse, Meghan Millea
• Predicting Hurricane Damage and Loss to Mobile Manufactured Homes – *Christopher Alegbeleye, Rachel Davidson
• Mitigation Household Decision-Making: An Application of the Precaution Adoption Process Model to the SYR Program” – *Maria Porada, Rachel Davidson, Joseph Trainor
• Hurricane Wind Loss Modeling Using Insurance Claims Data – *Nii Otu Tackie-Otoo, Rachel Davidson
• Collaboration to Advance Regional Hurricane Risk Management – *Rachel Davidson

Disaster Research Center 60th Anniversary Workshop – Newark, DE (May 3, 2024)

• A Decision-Support Tool for Testing Land Use Policies in the Context of Natural Hazard Risk – *Caroline Williams, Rachel Davidson, Linda Nozick, Joseph Trainor, Jamie Kruse, Meghan Millea
• Predicting Hurricane Damage and Loss to Mobile Manufactured Homes – *Christopher Alegbeleye, Rachel Davidson
• Highlighting Disaster Experiences of CHEER Hub Community Partners – *Julie Elliott, *Sydney Dyck, Sarah DeYoung
• Household Decision-Making Related to Structural Retrofits: An Application of the Precaution Adoption Process Model – *Maria Porada, Rachel Davidson, Joseph Trainor

2024 ADCIRC Users Meeting, NOAA Center for Weather and Climate Prediction – College Park, MD (April 29-30, 2024)

• Investigating Parametric Precipitation Impacts on Hydrology within a Coupled Modeling System – *Szpilka, C.M., Dresback, K.M., Kolar, R.L., Colle, B., Blanton, B.

104th Annual American Meteorological Society Meeting – Baltimore, MD (January 29 – February 1, 2024)

• Development and Application of a Flooding Model to Address Compound Flooding with a Changing Climate –  *Dresback, K.M., Szpilka, C.M., Xue, X., Vergara, H., Wang, N., Kolar, R.L., Xu, J., Geoghegan, K.M., Fitzpatrick, P.

CHEER Community Partners Workshop – Chapel Hill, NC (February 29, 2024)

• Community Engagement Workshop Overview (Including Community Partner Qualitative Findings Results) – *Sarah DeYoung, Julie Elliott, Sydney Dyck

3rd International Workshop on Waves, Storm Surges and Coastal Hazards – Notre Dame, IN (Oct. 1-6, 2023)

• Modeling Community Resilience Under Climate Change: Hazard Model Development – *Dresback, K.M., Szpilka, C.M., Xue, X., Vergara, H., Wang, N., Kolar, R.L., Xu, J., Geoghegan, K.M.

*Indicates lead author/presenter